Arthrosis of the knee of the joint

The whole truth about: arthrosis of the knee of the joint and other information of interest about treatment.

Arthrosis of the knee joint takes a leading position in the frequency of occurrence in the group of diseases of arthrose lesions of the joints.In terms of severity of the course, the disease is in second place after coxarthrosis.

Gonarthrosis suffers every fifth man on the planet.The predisposition to this ailment is especially older than 40 years of age and, as noted, in women, the incidence is almost 2 times higher than in men.According to statistics, 7-22% of people suffer from gonarthrosis in the world.

We can say that with this disease, joint cartilage is cracking, becoming thinner, while losing its fibrousness and depreciation properties, which, in principle, does not allow to soften the periodic strokes of the knee joint and body during movement.

Today we will consider the arthrosis of the knee joint, find out what it is, what are the symptoms of a given ailment, and also tell you the epentative methods of treatment, including at home.

Causes

For what reasons, arthrosis of the knee joint develops, and what is it?Every day, our knee joints during walking, withstanding the mass of the whole body, are subjected to physical exertion.Cartilage tissue wear out over the years, causing changes in the joint.Therefore, in people of advanced age, arthrosis of the knee joints occurs.

At the risk group of gonarthrosis, people are attributed to people:

• with excess body weight;
• suffering from osteoporosis;
• with hereditary disorders;
• elderly;
• with specific professions;
• with metabolic disorders in the body;
• with deficiency of trace elements;
• those who have received injuries on the spine;
• involved in some sports.

The disease develops gradually, it is very important to seek qualified help to the doctor in time in order to avoid restriction of the joint and disability in the future.

Symptoms

With arthrosis of the knee joint, certain symptoms are observed.The nature of pain:

• discomfort after waking up, when trying to get up after a long sitting;
• knee pain with prolonged finding in a standing position;
• burning and irritation when climbing the stairs;
• night pain, as well as after physical exertion;
• Weakness in the legs, "pumping" of the limbs.

The most important symptom indicating the occurrence of gonarthrosis is pain in the knee joint region.At the same time, the disease does not occur sharply, the pain will increase for many months or even years.At first they will bother the patient only with increased legs, and then even at rest.

Arthrosis of the knee joint 1 degree

Arthrosis of the 1st degree proceeds almost without visible symptoms.This phase of development is characterized by:

• fatigue in the legs;
• A slight decrease in mobility, which is usually observed immediately after sleep.

Pain symptoms, if and occur, are manifested to a slight degree.At this moment, the arthrosis of the knee looks in the x -ray in the form of small bumps on the cartilage tissue and the surface of the bones.

A slight narrowing of the lumen between the bones may also be observed.At this stage, it is extremely difficult to diagnose a pathology, so the occurrence of radiography is mandatory.

Arthrosis of the knee joint 2 degrees

With arthrosis of the knee joint of the 2nd degree, the symptoms are more pronounced.Pain arises already from the minimum load or immediately after it.In the affected part of the leg, the pain is caused by almost any movement.After a fairly long rest, it usually passes completely.However, the next physical actions immediately cause pain.

At approximately the second stage of the development of the disease, the pain sensations are added:

• crunch in the knee joint during movements;
• a reduced opportunity to bastard the leg normally in the knee;
• change of joint bones;
• Progressive synovitis.

A rough arthrose crunch of joints, as a rule, is first barely audible, but with the course of the disease it becomes very loud and distinct.When trying to bend the leg in the knee, a sharp pain occurs.In some cases, this is possible only to a corner of 90 degrees, and then with difficulty and overcoming pain.The change in the shape of the joint also becomes obvious, which is also aggravated by the accumulation of pathological fluid in it.

Arthrosis of the knee joint 3 degrees

The characteristic features of the 3rd degree of arthrosis are severe pains that are independent of the amount, the intensity of physical activity.The joint bothers a person even at night, this causes significant inconvenience.

The mobility of the knee joint is broken and a person is no longer capable of bending the leg in the knee.There is sensitivity to weather changes, to which the affected area reacts very sensitively.

The radiograph can show global changes in cartilage, joint surface, non -characteristic growths.O-shaped or X-shaped curvature leads a person to disability.

Diagnostics

The doctor, after hearing the patient's complaints, during the examination, first of all, pays attention to the visible changes in the structure of the limbs (coarsening of bones, deformation), a decrease in mobility in the joint.Failing is accompanied by pain, with a shine of the knee cup, a crunch is heard.

The main method of diagnosis of gonarthrosis is the radiography of the joint (in the first stage, the pathology may not be detected).There can be several such pictures to trace the dynamics of the development of the disease.In addition to an X -ray, an MRI or computed tomography can be prescribed.

All these studies are necessary in order to correctly determine the causes of the disease, as well as differentiate gonarthrosis from other joint diseases.

The treatment methods for arthrosis of the knee joint

With diagnosed arthrosis of the knee joint, treatment may include the following methods:

• therapy with drugs;
• massage and manual therapy;
• surgical intervention;
• Restorative therapy (exercise therapy, physiotherapy and other methods).

The objectives of the treatment of gonarthrosis:

• eliminate pain;
• If possible, restore the destroyed cartilage and ligamentous apparatus;
• Increase the volume of movements in the joint.

Massage procedures, physiotherapy exercises and proper balanced diet (diet) are very important.If the doctor’s contact occurs too late or no method has given the result, then the joint operation can be carried out: the installation of an endoprosthesis is called surgical intervention.

How to treat arthrosis of the knee joint

The main groups of medications used to treat arthrosis include the following categories:

1. NSAIDs - non -storage group of anti -inflammatory drugs;
2. Chondroprotectors;
3. Therapeutic creams, ointments and rubbish;
4. Funds used for compresses.

With arthrosis by non -steroidal, i.e.Negarmonal, anti-inflammatory drugs are traditionally used to eliminate inflammation and pain, because due to severe pain there is no way to start treatment.Only after the pain is eliminated by anti -inflammatory drugs, you can proceed to massage, a complex of therapeutic exercises and physiotherapeutic procedures.

Hormonal drugs

In the case when the treatment of NSAIDs is not enough, and the disease continues to progress, the doctor may prescribe injections of hormonal drugs.They relate to the means of "heavy artillery" and help to quickly eliminate the pain, relieve inflammation and swelling of the surrounding tissues.

Due to the large number of side effects, hormonal drugs are prescribed in short courses, only in the acute period of the disease, when inflammatory fluid accumulates in the articular cavity.The drug is administered into the joint gap no more than 1 time in 10 days.

Chondroprotectors

Are the only medicines that directly affect the cause of arthrosis of the joints.Especially in the early stages and especially those that contain chondroitin and glucosamine sulfate.

The action of these drugs is based on the restoration of the normal production of synovial fluid and damaged cartilage.

Hyaluronic acid

Effective quite in the initial stages of arthrosis of the knee joint.It is introduced intraast Announcement.

The procedure is not cheap.It helps to reduce the abrasion of the surface of the cartilage of the joint.The main thing is that the medicine does not penetrate the bloodstream, there is a risk of embolistic complications.

Ointments

There is a large list of ointments and gels aimed at getting rid of pain and reducing the inflammatory process.

The list of ointments for the joints of the knees is quite large and is not limited to the listed by us, and the composition of drugs included in the ointment happens, similar to each other.

Folk remedies for the treatment of arthrosis

How to treat arthrosis of the knee at home?Medicine therapy can supplement some recipes for traditional medicine.

1. Treatment of dandelion flowers.Every day you need to eat 5 dandelion flowers, washed with boiled water.You can make an infusion.For these purposes, take 5 bottles with dark glass and half fill with flowers, and pour the remaining space with triple cologne.Insist in a dark place for 1 month and rub your knees before bedtime.Even for treatment, you need to dry the leaves that are subsequently poured with boiling water.Every day 1 tbsp.This mixture must be chewed as much time as you need to take 3 thousand steps.Such treatment with folk remedies is quite effective.
2. A grinding is a tool that must be rubbed into the knee joint for arthrosis.Making it is quite simple.To do this, the yolk of the chicken egg is taken and mixed with a small spoon of turpentine.A large spoon of apple cider vinegar flows there.Everything is mixed and used at night.Before going to bed, such a medicine is smeared with a knee, wrapped with a woolen scarf, which is removed only in the morning.Having opened the scarf, it will be necessary to thoroughly rinse the place of rubbing the product.In order to treat arthrosis using this recipe, you need to regularly use it for several weeks.Although, the first results will already be noticeable on the 3rd day of using the product.
3. Burdock.According to the folk recipe, it is necessary to take 2-3 young leafs of burdock and attach to the sore knee, wrapping a bandage.To achieve the effect, the knee should be insulated with a warm scarf and leave the compress at night.The procedure should be repeated every day for a week.This will remove the tumor and reduce pain.To enhance the effect, it is recommended to pre -lubricate the saber -shaped with knee.In this case, the burdock must be applied to the knee with the back, and on top of it to make a plastic bandage and insulation with a woolen scarf.
4. With arthrosis, celandine juice is effective.The fabric impregnated with it is applied to the sore joint.After 50 min.The joint is lubricated with vegetable oil.The duration of treatment is a week.A break - 10 days, and repeat everything.
5. Two tablespoons of the dried root of the harpagofitum should be filled into a thermos, pour 1 liter of boiling water and insist at least 2 hours.In order to successfully treat arthrosis, you must drink 3-4 cups of the resulting drug in a warm form a day.

Many arthrosis of the knee joint note a significant improvement in the condition and a decrease in painful and unpleasant sensations after the use of traditional medicine, intended for external or external use.

Exercises for arthrosis of the knee joint

A positive result is not possible without a course of therapeutic exercises that can be performed at home.It strengthens the muscles, improves blood circulation in the joint.To obtain the desired effect, you need to forget about the intensive joint voltage.

You can lie on your back and, raising your leg, hold it in a straightened state by weight.Or raise the legs alternately from the same position lying on the back 10 - 15 times.

The main rule in the treatment of gymnastics is slow and measured movements without any jerks.

Approximate diet

Proper nutrition is an important component of successful treatment for arthrosis of the knee joint.

Approximate menu:

1. Breakfast: oatmeal porridge on water without oil and sugar, fruit juice, boiled egg.
2. Second breakfast: a glass of low -fat natural yogurt.
3. Lunch: steamed meat or fish, stewed vegetables, sugar tea.
4. Snack: cottage cheese casserole with nuts, a glass of fruit juice.
5. Dinner: vegetable salad, apple, sugar tea.
6. Second dinner: a glass of low -fat kefir.

You should eat more often, at the same time at while small portions.This will accelerate metabolism, which will lead to weight loss.Between the basic meals, when attacks of hunger occur, snacks are allowed.Fruits, with the exception of grapes and bananas, whole grains, can be used for them.

Arthrosis of the knee joint is characterized by the fact that the process of destruction of the cartilage of the joint occurs.Due to metabolic disorders, cartilage tissue does not receive the necessary nutrients and liquids, as a result of which it is degenerate.

Usually the elderly people suffer from such a disease.But, due to the wrong lifestyle, every year there is a tendency to diagnose the disease at an earlier age.The sooner arthrosis is detected, the more effective it will be possible to cope with it at home, without resorting to drug or surgical treatment.

Other gonarthrosis treatment options

In recent years, modern methods of treating arthrosis of the knee joint are gaining more and more popularity, which can be used in combination with drug therapy and as independent therapy.In some cases, they can replace medications or combine with it.

New methods for the treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint:

• Kinesitherapy - treatment of the joint using a special complex of exercises aimed at therapeutic result;
• Ozonotherapy - a variety of physiotherapeutic treatment with ozone, which is administered into the joint or is used externally;
• homeopathy;
• The use of biologically active additives on a natural basis as the treatment and prevention of the disease.

Kinesitherapy allows you to largely extend the activities of damaged tissues and stop the progression of the disease.This technique is based on an individual selection for each patient of the complex of the so -called “correct” movements that can be performed by patients independently or using special multifunctional simulators and devices.The performance of these exercises includes not only muscles in the work, but also helps to normalize the functions of ligaments, tendons, nerve endings, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive and endocrine systems.

Kinesitherapy contributes to the development of substances in the body such as endorphins that can have an anesthetic effect and beneficially affect the patient’s psycho -emotional state.Individual exercises, acting on the muscles, allow:

• unload the joint and spine;
• improve blood flow and lymphatic drainage in the affected areas of tissues of the knee joint;
• restore the elasticity of the ligaments, their contractile and trophic function;
• improve the nutrition and mobility of the joint as a whole;
• stimulate the processes of regeneration of cartilage and bone tissue;
• eliminate the pain syndrome.

Ozonotherapy, which gains increasing popularity in the treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint, is characterized by ease of use, high efficiency, the minimum number of side effects and good tolerance.

Ozonotherapy can be used:

• externally - the use of ozoned oils, ointments and antiseptic solutions, balneotherapy, streaming in special plastic chambers;
• Parentiterally ozoned blood for small and large autohemotherapy, ozone injections into biologically active points, intra -articular administration, administration of an intravenously ozonated physiological solution, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration.

The complex of measures for ozone therapy is selected individually for each patient.The parenteral administration of ozone has a more pronounced effect and has a number of therapeutic effects:

• anesthetic;
• anti -inflammatory;
• bactericidal;
• normalizing blood microcirculation;
• stimulating the restoration of joint tissue.

In parallel with ozone, glucocorticosteroid preparations and chondroprotectors can be used.This combination enhances the healing properties of these drugs and reduces their negative effects on cartilage.

To relieve pain, gas is introduced into the area around the pathological focus or directly into pain points, as well as in the joint.The number of points for the subcutaneous administration of ozone can vary depending on the state of the knee joint;From 2 to 12 ml of ozone is introduced into one point.

In parallel with the intra -articular administration of ozone, patients are prescribed intravenous infusion of an ozoned 0.9% sodium chloride solution (about 400 ml daily).As a rule, the course of ozonotherapy consists of 10-12 intravenous administrations and 5-7 intra-articular injections.After 3-4 procedures, the patient improves the mobility of the affected joint and significantly decreases the pain syndrome.The clinical effect of ozonotherapy can persist for 4-9 months.

Surgery

When the joint work is clearly disturbed, and conservative treatment does not help, surgical intervention is used.But it rarely comes to that.The affected joint can be replaced by artificial (endoprosthetics).But more often it is used at the 3rd stage.

The axis of the limb or excision of bone changes (osteotomy) is restored.Arthroscopic intervention is carried out through the punctures of the skin.A destroyed cartilage is removed through the punctures in the knee from the joints.Then drugs are administered.

Gymnastics for arthrosis of the knee joint

Any option for the treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint should be carried out only as prescribed by the doctor.Therapeutic gymnastics implies a slow, measured performance of exercises that exclude squats, twisting the joint, bouncing.It is best to carry out gymnastics in the morning, sitting or lying, for 20 minutes, repeating each exercise 10 times each.

• Lying on your back, you can perform the exercise of the bicycle, however, the legs must be straightened in parallel to the floor, carry out circular movements of the footsteps, take your legs to the sides, glide on the floor at a turn, strain the feet to the score to 10.
• Sitting on a chair with laid legs - straighten your legs, simultaneously bending the feet, and hold this position, considering up to 10, alternately pull each knee to the stomach with your hands and slowly return to the original one.
• Having focused on the wall, standing on the floor, to perform alternate swings foot forward and forth.
• Putting a straightened leg on a chair, perform an inclined movements of a springy character, while leaning with your hands on the thigh, as if trying to straighten the leg stronger.
• Lying on the stomach alternately lift the straightened leg and keep it up to 3 accounts.
• Sitting on the floor, spreading their legs to the sides, moving them on the floor, pull their knees to the stomach on inhalation and return them to its original position on exhalation.

The main tasks of therapeutic gymnastics are relaxation of muscle spasm causing pain, increasing blood supply to the joint, slowing down the progression of the disease, and the prevention of further cartilage destruction.During the period of exacerbation of the disease, exercise is prohibited.

How to treat arthrosis with massage?

Using the impact method (through the palm, fingers, slap) at home, you can work out a sore knee joint.It is important to know how certain movements affect the deforming joint:

• Massage in the form of slaps affects the nerve endings, promotes better blood circulation in the sore joint.
• Thanks to the impacts through the pressed fingers, there is a positive effect on the tendons, muscles and all articular components.Due to the fact that the blows are softened, blood circulation is activity without damage to the capillaries.
• The joint is pressed with the palm, and the blows are applied to the periarticular places.Thus, the functionality of the internal parts of the joint increases.
• Initially, fingers easily and carefully knock on the sore joint.As the condition improves, the impact power increases slightly.This procedure is accompanied by tolerant pain.

Diet

The complex treatment of this disease includes, in addition to the methods described above, also a strict diet.It requires an adequate approach.No need to fall into extremes.But there are a number of restrictions that will have to take into account:

1. Various salt and sauer products also need to be minimized.
2. Remove animal fats from the diet.
3. Refuse bread and rolls (you can eat black bread, but in moderate quantities), as well as chocolate and sugar.Carbohydrates people with arthrosis are not needed.Their use affects the weight gain.And this is a risk factor.
4. At least exclude fatty meat.Refuse to use duck, goose, lamb, pork.
5. Limit salt consumption.It’s not just that arthrosis is also called “salt arthrosis”.Doctors advise only a little to suck the dishes before the meal itself and not during cooking.
6. Maximize the use of spices, especially sharp ones.They contribute to the appearance of a feeling of thirst and incite your appetite.
7. Alcoholic beverages, tobacco smoking are strictly prohibited.At least in the process of therapy.

Approximate menu:

• Breakfast: oatmeal porridge on water without oil and sugar, fruit juice, boiled egg
• Second breakfast: a glass of low -fat natural yogurt
• Lunch: steamed meat or fish, stewed vegetables, sugar tea
• Afternoon snack: cottage cheese casserole with nuts, a glass of fruit juice
• Dinner: vegetable salad, apple, sugar tea
• Second dinner: a glass of low -fat kefir

The diet will help to balance a dietitian.For example, a number of products that can be eaten and this is even welcome with such a diagnosis.First of all, these are products containing hondoprotectors and collagen, they are the construction basis for bones, cartilage, ligaments.In the diet should include broth boiled from beef, especially from bones.The presence in the jelly, nuclear, cold -bearing menu is welcomed.

Rehabilitation and prevention

Only therapeutic gymnastics and the dosed load on the joint can restore the knee joint with arthrosis.If the patient observes all the doctor’s recommendations and is ready to fight for his health in all ways, in most cases the answer to the question “whether it is possible to cure arthrosis of the knee joint” positive.

Prevention consists in timely assistance in injuries, active movement without overload, maintaining the optimal body weight index.

When making a final decision on treatment, it is worth consulting a doctor without forming an opinion on the basis of reviews.

Medicine has learned to successfully treat joint diseases, from the consequences of which in the last century inevitably became disabled.With arthrosis of the knee joint, it is important to seek help in time to determine the stage of the disease and the volume of treatment.